When countries joined the single currency, a relatively simple piece of domestic legislation converted contracts in drachmas, pesetas, markkas and Deutschmarks into contracts in euros at a prescribed exchange rate. 当初欧洲各国采用单一货币欧元时,一纸相对简单的国内法律按照规定汇率把以希腊德拉克马、西班牙比塞塔、芬兰马克和德国马克计价的合约转换为了以欧元计价的合约。
First, the exchange rate formation mechanism reform, not focusing on any one single currency Renminbi, but based on market supply and demand, with reference to a basket exchange rate adjustment. 首先,汇率形成机制改革后,人民币不再盯住任何一种单一货币,而是以市场供求为基础,参考一篮子汇率进行调节。
Article 33 the exchange rate for Renminbi is a single, managed floating exchange rate based on market demand and supply. 第三十三条人民币汇率实行以市场供求基础的、一的、管理的浮动汇率制度。
It was decided at that time that we would adopt a market-based, single, regulated floating exchange rate regime. 我们当时确定的机制是以市场供求为基础,单一的、有管理的浮动汇率。
In the model, it is assumed that the supply chain is composed of a single manufacturer and a single supplier from any country in the world, their contract is quantity-flexible, exchange rate changes as geometric Brownian motion, and out-of-stock is allowable by the manufacturer. 模型中假设该供应链由不同国家的单制造商和单供应商组成,制造商与供应商之间通过数量柔性契约确定供给关系,汇率波动服从几何布朗运动,制造商对其客户可缺货。
Our government implements the single, managed value-free exchange rate system that based on the requirement and supply of the finance market. But in fact, the system is appearing characteristics of the arrangements of fixed peg dollar. 在汇率制度方面,虽然目前实行的是以市场供求为基础的、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制,但是从运行的实际情况来看,却显现出钉住美元的固定汇率制的一些特征。
The third from 1994 to present, realization of single, managed floating exchange rate system whose base is market supply and demand. ⅱ. 第三阶段是1994年至今,实现了汇率并轨,实行以市场供求为基础、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制。
These analysis brings the following results: under protected trade and with respect to the effectiveness of the single policy, the export rebate is superior to the domestic tax and exchange rate; 这些分析得出如下的结论:就单一政策的调整效力而言,出口退税优于国内税收与汇率政策;
From 1994, our country has set up single floating exchange rate system with management which is based on market supply and demand. This makes the alteration of exchange rate of RMB has more remarkable impact on China's trade development. 1994年起,我国建立起了以市场供求为基础、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制度,这使人民币汇率变动对我国贸易发展的影响更加显著。
The strongest form of coordination is the single policies, including monetary policy, exchange rate policy and competition policy; 协调形式最强的是已经形成统一政策的领域,包括竞争政策、货币政策和汇率政策;
The single currency structure not only increases the risk of exchange rate, and is not conducive to implement the functions of foreign exchange reserves successfully. 单一的币种结构不仅增加了我国外汇储备的汇率风险,而且不利于外汇储备调节国际收支等职能的顺利实施。
Maybe all of these can be subscribed in one sentence, No single exchange rate regime is right for all countries or at all times. 或者可借用这样一句话,没有任何一种汇率机制在任何时间适合任何国家。
The positive analysis is based on the Single equation model theory to make an empirical examining on the RMB Exchange Rate. 实证部分是基于单方程模型理论对人民币汇率进行分析。
In our country, since the unification of exchange rates in 1994, RMB exchange rate regime has gone from a single pegged to the dollar to a managed floating exchange rate regime with reference to a basket of currencies. 在我国,自1994年汇率并轨以来,人民币汇率制度经历了从单一钉住美元的固定汇率制度到参考一篮子货币的有管理的浮动汇率制度的过程。
The practice of market-based, single and managed floating exchange rate system Substantial growth in the number of foreign reserves followed. 实行以市场供求为基础的、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制。外汇储备数量随之大幅度增长。
The exchange rate of RMB no longer pegs to single U.S. dollar, forming RMB exchange rate mechanism full of more elasticity. It indicates exchange rate system of RMB enters a new stage. 这标志着人民币汇率制度进入一个新的阶段。
In 1994, RMB exchange rate regime was changed into market-based, single, managed floating exchange rate. 1994年,人民币汇率制度进行了改革,确定为以市场为基础、单一的有管理的浮动汇率制度。